Mosque-Based Qur’anic Learning and Youth Moral Socialization in Rural Indonesia

Abstract

Religious institutions play an important role in shaping moral values and social behavior in rural Muslim communities. However, rapid social change, technological development, and shifting youth lifestyles have created new challenges for adolescent moral development. While many studies focus on character education in formal schools, the role of community-based religious learning in fostering youth moral socialization remains underexplored. This study examines how mosque-based Qur’anic learning activities contribute to the moral socialization of adolescents in a rural community in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research employed a qualitative descriptive design conducted in Mabolu Village, Muna Regency. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and included religious instructors, administrators of the Qur’anic learning institution, adolescent participants, and community members involved in the program. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed using an inductive qualitative approach following the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion verification. The findings show that mosque-based Qur’anic learning programs function not only as spaces for religious instruction but also as important arenas for moral socialization among adolescents. Through activities such as Qur’anic recitation, communal religious gatherings, and youth-led religious events, participants internalize values such as discipline, respect for elders, responsibility, and social solidarity. Educational strategies including storytelling, religious advice (mauidzah), lectures, and interactive discussions play a key role in facilitating the internalization of these values. Furthermore, youth involvement in organizing religious activities provides opportunities for leadership development and strengthens their sense of community belonging. Despite these contributions, the program faces challenges including declining youth participation, limited parental involvement, and the growing influence of digital technology on adolescents’ daily lives. This study highlights the importance of community-based Islamic education as an informal mechanism of moral socialization in rural societies and underscores the need for stronger collaboration between religious institutions, families, and local communities to support youth moral development.